[Linux] read / write serial port

這幾天在CentOS 6.2裡練習寫 USB轉serial port功能記錄一下以免以後忘記


#include <stdio.h>   /* Standard input/output definitions */
#include <string.h>  /* String function definitions */
#include <unistd.h>  /* UNIX standard function definitions */
#include <fcntl.h>   /* File control definitions */
#include <errno.h>   /* Error number definitions */
#include <termios.h> /* POSIX terminal control definitions */

int fd;
#define DEVICE "/dev/ttyUSB0"

int writeport(int fd, unsigned char *chars, int numBytes)
{
//show array contents
//printf("write array contents:\n");
int counter = 0;
printf("write array = ");
while(counter < numBytes)
{
printf("%x,", chars[counter]);
counter++;
}
printf("\n");

int n = write(fd, chars, numBytes);
if (n < 0) {
fputs("write failed!\n", stderr);
return 0;
}
//all good
return 1;
}

int readport(int fd, unsigned char *result)
{
int iIn = read(fd, result, 254); //13); //254);

//show result array
int counter = 0;
printf("read array = ");
while(counter < iIn)
{
printf("%x,",result[counter]);
counter++;
}
printf("\n");

if (iIn < 0) {
if (errno == EAGAIN) {
printf("SERIAL EAGAIN ERROR\n");
return 0;
} else {
printf("SERIAL read error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}

int getbaud(int fd)
{
struct termios termAttr;
int inputSpeed = -1;
speed_t baudRate;
tcgetattr(fd, &termAttr);
/* Get the input speed.                              */
baudRate = cfgetispeed(&termAttr);
switch (baudRate) {
case B0:      inputSpeed = 0; break;
case B50:     inputSpeed = 50; break;
case B110:    inputSpeed = 110; break;
case B134:    inputSpeed = 134; break;
case B150:    inputSpeed = 150; break;
case B200:    inputSpeed = 200; break;
case B300:    inputSpeed = 300; break;
case B600:    inputSpeed = 600; break;
case B1200:   inputSpeed = 1200; break;
case B1800:   inputSpeed = 1800; break;
case B2400:   inputSpeed = 2400; break;
case B4800:   inputSpeed = 4800; break;
case B9600:   inputSpeed = 9600; break;
case B19200:  inputSpeed = 19200; break;
case B38400:  inputSpeed = 38400; break;
case B115200:  inputSpeed = 115200; break;
}
return inputSpeed;
}

int initport(int fd)
{
struct termios options;
// Get the current options for the port...
tcgetattr(fd, &options);

// Set the baud rates to 115200...
cfsetispeed(&options, B115200);
cfsetospeed(&options, B115200);

// Enable the receiver and set local mode...
options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);

//disable hardware flow control
options.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;

//disable software flow control
options.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY);

//raw input
options.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);

//raw output
options.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;

//No parity - 8N1
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
options.c_cflag |= CS8;

// Set the new options for the port...
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);

return 1;
}

int main(void)
{
unsigned char command[7];
unsigned char sResult[7];

printf("Start open port...\n");
fd = open(DEVICE, O_RDWR);
//fd = open(DEVICE, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
if (fd == -1)
{
perror("open_port: Unable to open /dev/ttyS0 - ");
return 1;
}
else
{
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0);
}

initport(fd);
printf("baud=%d\n", getbaud(fd));

command[0]=0xC0;
command[1]=0x73;
command[2]=0x07;
command[3]=0x0A;
command[4]=0x00;
command[5]=0x00;
command[6]=0xBE;

if (!writeport(fd, command, 7))
{
printf("write failed\n");
close(fd);
return 1;
}

sleep(2);

fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0);    

if (!readport(fd,sResult))
{
printf("read failed\n");
close(fd);
return 1;
}

close(fd);
return 0;
}

參考網站: http://forums.devx.com/showthread.php?t=170839

[linux] vmware學習LFS(Linux From Scratch)之建立臨時系統

================ LFS ?? ================

英文: Linux_From_Scratch

WIKI上的說明中文: Linux_From_Scratch

================ 學習環境 ================

Host OS win 7

vmware 8.0.0 build-471780

CentOS-6.2-x86_64-bin

LFS 7.0

================ 文件 ================

最新英文版: LFS-BOOK-7.0.pdf

線上簡體中文版: LFS-BOOK-6.6

目前中英文版有版本上的差異所以建議英文版為主
================ 先前準備 ================
在時做之前請先執行此script看看自己的linux Host缺少了什麼套件

[root@localhost /]# cat > version-check.sh << "EOF"
> #!/bin/bash
> export LC_ALL=C
> # Simple script to list version numbers of critical development tools
> bash --version | head -n1 | cut -d" " -f2-4
> echo "/bin/sh -> `readlink -f /bin/sh`"
> echo -n "Binutils: "; ld --version | head -n1 | cut -d" " -f3-
> bison --version | head -n1
> if [ -e /usr/bin/yacc ];
> then echo "/usr/bin/yacc -> `readlink -f /usr/bin/yacc`";
> else echo "yacc not found"; fi
> bzip2 --version 2>&1 < /dev/null | head -n1 | cut -d" " -f1,6-
> echo -n "Coreutils: "; chown --version | head -n1 | cut -d")" -f2
> diff --version | head -n1
> find --version | head -n1
> gawk --version | head -n1
> if [ -e /usr/bin/awk ];
> then echo "/usr/bin/awk -> `readlink -f /usr/bin/awk`";
> else echo "awk not found"; fi
> gcc --version | head -n1
> /lib/libc.so.6 | head -n1 | cut -d"," -f1
> grep --version | head -n1
> gzip --version | head -n1
> cat /proc/version
> m4 --version | head -n1
> make --version | head -n1
> patch --version | head -n1
> echo perl `perl -V:version`
> sed --version | head -n1
> tar --version | head -n1
> echo "Texinfo: `makeinfo --version | head -n1`"
> xz --version | head -n1
> echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c && gcc -o dummy dummy.c
> if [ -x dummy ]; then echo "Compilation OK";
> else echo "Compilation failed"; fi
> rm -f dummy.c dummy
> EOF

bash version-check.sh

在CentOs 64bit中缺少了
1. yacc

[root@localhost /]# yum install byacc

2. glibc-2.5.1

[root@localhost /]# yum install glibc* 

3. perl

[root@localhost /]# yum install perl*

4. texinfo

[root@localhost /]# yum install texinfo

5. bison

[root@localhost /]# yum install bison 

6. Xz

[root@localhost /]# yum install xz

================ 軟體下載 ================
下載lfs需要的軟體
下載的方式有很多種我是選擇下載全部軟體的壓縮檔

下載點: lfs-packages-7.0.tar

or

LfsLvieCD中已經把全部的source放在/lfs-sources資料夾中

================ 建立環境 ================
Chapter 2. Preparing a New Partition
2.2. Creating a New Partition

新增一個空的磁區

新增一個10G空間的磁區給系統

[root@localhost /]# fdisk -l #看一下新增的10G系統是否有找到

2.3. Creating a File System on the Partition

建立一個 ext3 檔案系統

[root@localhost /]# mke2fs -jv /dev/<xxx> #xxx代表新增的磁區目前是sdb
.......
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y  #打y就會開始建立

2.4. Mounting the New Partition

宣告LFS的環境變數

[root@localhost /]# export LFS=/mnt/lfs

創建一個資料夾並把新分割的磁區掛載在他底下

[root@localhost /]# mkdir -pv $LFS #在mnt下建立lfs資料夾
[root@localhost /]# mount -v -t ext3 /dev/sdb $LFS #/dev/sdb mount到mnt/lfs格式為ext3

Chapter 3. Packages and Patches

建立一個資料夾放置下載的軟體

[root@localhost /]# mkdir -v $LFS/sources

下載軟體拷貝到指定資料夾

[root@localhost /]# cp /home/lfs-packages-7.0.tar $LFS/sources

解壓縮

[root@localhost /]# tar -jxvf $LFS/sources/lfs-packages-7.0.tar

移動軟體到資料夾外層

[root@localhost /]# mv $LFS/sources/7.0/* $LFS/sources/

改變資料夾的屬性

[root@localhost /]# chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources

Chapter 4. Final Preparations

檢查一下宣告的環境變數是否成功,有印出/mnt/lfs代表成功

[root@localhost /]# echo $LFS
/mnt/lfs

如果不正確,在宣告一次

[root@localhost /]# export LFS=/mnt/lfs

4.2. Creating the $LFS/tools Directory

創建一個資料夾並建立連結

[root@localhost /]# mkdir -v $LFS/tools
[root@localhost /]# ln -sv $LFS/tools /
/tools -> /mnt/lfs/tools
[root@localhost /]# ll #查看連接是否建立成功

4.3. Adding the LFS User

為了避免影響系統運作,我們新增一個USER

[root@localhost /]# groupadd lfs
[root@localhost /]# useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs

為新增user lfs設定密碼

[root@localhost /]# passwd lfs
請輸入新密碼....

修改新增資料夾tools and sources的擁有者為lfs

[root@localhost /]# chown -v lfs $LFS/tools
[root@localhost /]# chown -v lfs $LFS/sources

切換使用者

[root@localhost /]# su - lfs
-bash-4.1$

4.4. Setting Up the Environment

在bash shell新增兩個啟動檔案,當重開機login為user lfs時會讀取此檔 .bash_profile

用cat建立.bash_profile用意在讓它為static重開機後就消失

-bash-4.1$ cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
> exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u: \w\$ ' /bin/bash
> EOF

當a non-login shell, 並不會讀取/etc/profile or .bash_profile, 但是會去讀取 .bashrc

-bash-4.1$ cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
> set +h
> umask 022
> LFS=/mnt/lfs
> LC_ALL=POSIX
> LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu
> PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
> export LFS LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH
> EOF

執行script切換使用者到lfs

-bash-4.1$ source ~/.bash_profile
lfs: ~$

Chapter 5. Constructing a Temporary System
5.2. Toolchain Technical Notes
在繼續之前要先知道工作平台名稱即"target triplet" or動態連接器[dynamic linker]的名稱
有兩種方式可得知

run script /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-2.21.1/config.guess

lfs [ ~ ]# ./mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-2.21.1/config.guess
x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

or

隨便找一個兩進制的bin file執行它

lfs [ ~ ]#  readelf -l /bin/raw | grep interpreter
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]

怎麼會出現兩種結果不同,目前還不清楚,推測是執行bin file是在HOST下所以結果不同

5.3. Binutils-2.17 - Pass 1
The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other tools for handling object files.

5.4.1. Installation of Cross Binutils

解壓縮 and 建立新資料夾

lfs: ~$ cd /mnt/lfs/sources
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf binutils-2.21.1a.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd binutils-2.21.1
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-2.21.1$ mkdir -v ../binutils-build #會在/mnt/lfs/sources建立一個binutils-build資料夾
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-2.21.1$ cd ..binutils-build

產生binutils-2.21.1的makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ ../binutils-2.21.1/configure \
> --target=$LFS_TGT --prefix=/tools \
> --disable-nls --disable-werror
.........
config.status: creating Makefile
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make

如果是x86_64的系統建立連結到toolchain

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ case $(uname -m) in
> x86_64) mkdir -v /tools/lib && ln -sv lib /tools/lib64 ;;
> esac

make沒錯誤開始安裝套件

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -fr binutils-build 

5.5. GCC-4.6.1 - Pass 1
The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes the C and C++ compilers
5.5.1. Installation of Cross GCC

解壓縮and建立新資料夾

lfs: ~$ cd /mnt/lfs/sources
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd gcc-4.6.1
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -jxf ../mpfr-3.1.0.tar.bz2 #解壓到/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v mpfr-3.1.0 mpfr
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -jxf ../gmp-5.0.2.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v gmp-5.0.2 gmp
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -zxf ../mpc-0.9.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v mpc-0.9 mpc
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.6.1-cross_compile-1.patch
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mkdir ../gcc-build #會在/mnt/lfs/sources建立一個gcc-build資料夾
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ cd ../gcc-build

準備編譯產生makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ ../gcc-4.6.1/configure \
> --target=$LFS_TGT --prefix=/tools \
> --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-multilib \
> --disable-decimal-float --disable-threads \
> --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp \
> --disable-libgomp --disable-libquadmath \
> --disable-target-libiberty --disable-target-zlib \
> --enable-languages=c --without-ppl --without-cloog \
> --with-mpfr-include=$(pwd)/../gcc-4.6.1/mpfr/src \
> --with-mpfr-lib=$(pwd)/mpfr/src/.libs
..............
config.status: creating Makefile
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$

開始組譯gcc

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ make

安裝GCC

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ make install

建立連結

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ ln -vs libgcc.a `$LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | \
> sed 's/libgcc/&_eh/'`

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.6.1

5.6. Linux-3.1 API Headers

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf linux-3.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd linux-3.1

5.6.1. Installation of Linux API Headers
make mrproper 會移除先前重製核心時不必要的殘餘檔案, 這樣可以避免這些檔案對原始碼目錄樹產生不必要的干擾. 執行 make mrproper 時, 會砍除設定配置檔 .config, 如果您認為它很重要的話, 應該予以備份.

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/linux-3.1$ make mrproper
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/linux-3.1$ make headers_check
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/linux-3.1$ make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/linux-3.1$ cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include

Kernel 重製

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/linux-3.1$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -fr linux-3.1

5.7. Glibc-2.14.1
The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides the basic routines for allocating memory,searching directories, opening and closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,arithmetic, and so on.

解壓縮 and 更新patch nad 建立新資料

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf glibc-2.14.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd glibc-2.14.1
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-2.14.1$ patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.14.1-gcc_fix-1.patch
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-2.14.1$ patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.14.1-cpuid-1.patch
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-2.14.1$ mkdir ../glibc-build #會在/mnt/lfs/sources建立一個glibc-build資料夾
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-2.14.1$ cd ../glibc-build
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ case `uname -m` in
> i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native" > configparms ;;
> esac

產生makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ ../glibc-2.14.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
> --host=$LFS_TGT --build=$(../glibc-2.14.1/scripts/config.guess) \
> --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
> --enable-kernel=2.6.25 --with-headers=/tools/include \
..............
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating config.make
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing default commands

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ make

安裝Glibc

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -fr glibc-2.14.1 glibc-build

5.8. Adjusting the Toolchain

調整工具連結點

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ SPECS=`dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs 
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ $LFS_TGT-gcc -dumpspecs | sed \
> -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
> -e "/^\*cpp:$/{n;s,$, -isystem /tools/include,}" > $SPECS
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ echo "New specs file is: $SPECS"
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ unset SPECS

測試組裝是否成功

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ $LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib dummy.c
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]

移除測試程式跟obj檔

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ rm -v dummy.c a.out
removed `dummy.c`
removed `a.out`

5.9. Binutils-2.21.1a - Pass 2
The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other tools for handling object files
5.9.1. Installation of Binutils

binutils-build資料夾重建一次

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ mkdir -v ../binutils-build
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd ../binutils-build

準備重新編譯binutils.產生makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ CC="$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib/" \
> AR=$LFS_TGT-ar RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
> ../binutils-2.21.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
> --disable-nls --with-lib-path=/tools/lib

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make

安裝

lfs:/mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make install

準備好重新調整聯結器

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make -C ld clean
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib 
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/binutils-build$ cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin           

5.10. GCC-4.6.1 - Pass 2
The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes the C and C++ compilers
5.10.1. Installation of GCC

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd gcc-4.6.1

執行補丁

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.6.1-startfiles_fix-1.patch

由於使用此補丁會影響linux Host所以需要執行下面command修正此問題

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig}
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig > gcc/Makefile.in

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp}
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ sed 's/^T_CFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp \
> > gcc/Makefile.in

下面的命令將改變GCC的默認動態鏈接器的位置

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ for file in \
> $(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)
> do
> cp -uv $file{,.orig}
> sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
> -e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file
> echo '
> #undef STANDARD_INCLUDE_DIR
> #define STANDARD_INCLUDE_DIR 0
> #define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 ""
> #define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file
> touch $file.orig                                                                   
> done
gcc/config/m68k/linux.h' -> `gcc/config/m68k/linux.h.orig'                         

在x86_64平台，不為GCC設置multilib spec文件,確保它不會連結到HOST系統的資料庫

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ case $(uname -m) in
> x86_64)
> for file in $(find gcc/config -name t-linux64) ; do \
> cp -v $file{,.orig}
> sed '/MULTILIB_OSDIRNAMES/d' $file.orig > $file
> done
> ;;                                                                               
> esac
...........
gcc/config/pa/t-linux64' -> `gcc/config/pa/t-linux64.orig'

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -jxf ../mpfr-3.1.0.tar.bz2 #解壓到/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v mpfr-3.1.0 mpfr
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -jxf ../gmp-5.0.2.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v gmp-5.0.2 gmp
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ tar -zxf ../mpc-0.9.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ mv -v mpc-0.9 mpc

重新建立一次gcc-build資料夾

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ mkdir -v ../gcc-build
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1$ cd ../gcc-build

重新準備編譯 and 產生makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ CC="$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib/" \
> AR=$LFS_TGT-ar RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
> ../gcc-4.6.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
> --with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu \
> --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
> --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ \
> --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-multilib \
> --disable-bootstrap --disable-libgomp \
> --without-ppl --without-cloog \
> --with-mpfr-include=$(pwd)/../gcc-4.6.1/mpfr/src \
> --with-mpfr-lib=$(pwd)/mpfr/src/.libs

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ make

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ make install

建立連結

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc
`/tools/bin/cc' -> `gcc'

檢查安裝是否成功

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ cc dummy.c
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/glibc-build$ readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]

移除測試檔

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ rm -v dummy.c a.out
removed `dummy.c'
removed `a.out

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.6.1

5.11. Tcl-8.5.10
The Tcl package contains the Tool Command Language
5.11.1. Installation of Tcl

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf tcl8.5.10-src.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd tcl8.5.10/unix/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
..................
configure: creating ./config.status
config..status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating dltest/Makefile
config.status: creating tclConfig.sh
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ make

現在編譯完成了,因為是臨時工具,不是強制性的臨時工具,如果運行Tcl測試套件,可執行以下命令

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ TZ=UTC make test

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ make install

將安裝的資料庫改為可讀寫模式

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ chmod -v u+w /tools/lib/libtcl8.5.so
mode of `/tools/lib/libtcl8.5.so' changed to 0755 (rwxr-xr-x)

安裝TCL開頭檔

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ make install-private-headers
Installing private header files

建立連結

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ ln -sv tclsh8.5 /tools/bin/tclsh
`/tools/bin/tclsh' -> `tclsh8.5'

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tcl8.5.10/unix$ cd ../..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf tcl8.5.10/

5.12. Expect-5.45
The Expect package contains a program for carrying out scripted dialogues with other interactive programs
5.12.1. Installation of Expect

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf expect5.45.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd expect5.45
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ cp -v configure{,.orig}
`configure' -> `configure.orig'
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ sed 's:/usr/local/bin:/bin:' configure.orig > configure

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ ./configure --prefix=/tools --with-tcl=/tools/lib \
> --with-tclinclude=/tools/include
.........
config.status: creating Makefile

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ make test
............
all.tcl:     Total 29 Passed  29 Skipped        0       Failed  0
Sourced 0 Test Files.

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ make SCRIPTS="" install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/expect5.45$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf expect5.45/

5.13. DejaGNU-1.5
The DejaGNU package contains a framework for testing other programs
5.13.1. Installation of DejaGNU

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf dejagnu-1.5.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd dejagnu-1.5/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5$./configure --prefix=/tools
..............
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: executing depfiles commands

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5$ make install

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5$ make check
.......
# of expected passes   66
make[1]: Leaving directory `/mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5'

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/dejagnu-1.5$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf dejagnu-1.5/

5.14. Check-0.9.8
Check is a unit testing framework for C
5.14.1. Installation of Check

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf check-0.9.8.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd check-0.9.8
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
.............
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating check.pc
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating doc/Makefile
config.status: creating lib/Makefile
config.status: creating src/check.h
config.status: creating src/Makefile
config.status: creating tests/Makefile
config.status: creating tests/test_vars
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
config.status: executing libtool commands

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$ make check
................
PASS: check_check
PASS: test_output.sh
PASS: test_xml_output.sh
PASS: test_log_output.sh
==================
All 5 tests passed
==================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/check-0.9.8$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf check-0.9.8/

5.15. Ncurses-5.9
The Ncurses package contains libraries for terminal-independent handling of character screens
5.15.1. Installation of Ncurses

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd ncurses-5.9/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$ ./configure --prefix=/tools --with-shared \
> --without-debug --without-ada --enable-overwrite
.............
** Configuration summary for NCURSES 5.9 20110404:

     extended funcs: yes
     xterm terminfo: xterm-new

      bin directory: /tools/bin
      lib directory: /tools/lib
  include directory: /tools/include
      man directory: /tools/man
 terminfo directory: /tools/share/terminfo
 lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$
 

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$ make

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/ncurses-5.9$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf ncurses-5.9/

5.16. Bash-4.2
The Bash package contains the Bourne-Again SHell
5.16.1. Installation of Bash

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf bash-4.2.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd bash-4.2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$

執行補丁

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ patch -Np1 -i ../bash-4.2-fixes-3.patch

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ ./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc
.............
config.status: creating po/POTFILES
config.status: creating po/Makefile
config.status: executing default commands

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ make
................
 text    data    bss    dec     hex filename
 878982  35928   23112  938022  e5026 bash
 

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ make tests

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ make install

建立連結,以便使用sh執行bash

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ ln -vs bash /tools/bin/sh
`/tools/bin/sh' -> `bash'

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bash-4.2$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf bash-4.2/

5.17. Bzip2-1.0.6
The Bzip2 package contains programs for compressing and decompressing files. Compressing text files with bzip2,yields a much better compression percentage than with the traditional gzip
5.17.1. Installation of Bzip2

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd bzip2-1.0.6/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bzip2-1.0.6$

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bzip2-1.0.6$ make
........
You can also do "bzip2 --help" to see some helpful information.
"bzip2 -L" displays the software license.

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bzip2-1.0.6$ make PREFIX=/tools install
........
echo ".so man1/bzmore.1" > /tools/man/man1/bzless.1
echo ".so man1/bzdiff.1" > /tools/man/man1/bzcmp.1

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/bzip2-1.0.6$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf bzip2-1.0.6/

5.18. Coreutils-8.14
The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the basic system characteristics
5.18.1. Installation of Coreutils

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf coreutils-8.14.tar.xz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd coreutils-8.14
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ ./configure --prefix=/tools --enable-install-program=hostname
.............
config.status: executing po-directories commands
config.status: creating po/POTFILES
config.status: creating po/Makefile

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check
.......
=======================
All 258 tests passed
(36 tests were not run)
=======================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ make install

因為權限的關係,install命令拒絕安裝su,所以在PATH中先以HOST系統保持一個有用的su

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ cp -v src/su /tools/bin/su-tools
`src/su' -> `/tools/bin/su-tools'

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/coreutils-8.14$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf coreutils-8.14/

5.19. Diffutils-3.2
The Diffutils package contains programs that show the differences between files or directories.
5.19.1. Installation of Diffutils

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf diffutils-3.2.tar.gz 
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd diffutils-3.2/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
..............
config.status: executing po-directories commands
config.status: creating po/POTFILES
config.status: creating po/Makefile

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$ make check
............
=======================
All 93 tests passed
(28 tests were not run)
=======================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/diffutils-3.2$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf diffutils-3.2/

5.20. File-5.09
The File package contains a utility for determining the type of a given file or files.
5.20.1. Installation of File

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf file-5.09.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd file-5.09
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
............
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
config.status: executing libtool commands

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$ make check

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/file-5.09$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf file-5.09/

5.21. Findutils-4.4.2
The Findutils package contains programs to find files. These programs are provided to recursively search through a directory tree and to create, maintain, and search a database (often faster than the recursive find, but unreliable if the database has not been recently updated).
5.21.1. Installation of Findutils

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf findutils-4.4.2.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd findutils-4.4.2/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
...........
config.status: creating po/Makefile

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$ make check

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/findutils-4.4.2$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf findutils-4.4.2/

5.22. Gawk-4.0.0
The Gawk package contains programs for manipulating text files
5.22.1. Installation of Gawk

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf gawk-4.0.0.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd gawk-4.0.0/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$ ./configure --prefix=/tools
............
config.status: creating po/Makefile

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$ make ckeck

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gawk-4.0.0$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf gawk-4.0.0/

5.23. Gettext-0.18.1.1
The Gettext package contains utilities for internationalization and localization. These allow programs to be compiled with NLS (Native Language Support), enabling them to output messages in the user's native language
5.23.1. Installation of Gettext

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf gettext-0.18.1.1.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd gettext-0.18.1.1
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1$ cd gettext-tools
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$ ./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared
................
config.status: executing po-directories commands

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$ make -C gnulib-lib
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$ make -C src msgfmt

安裝二進制msgfmt

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$ cp -v src/msgfmt /tools/bin
`src/msgfmt' -> `/tools/bin/msgfmt'

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools$ cd ../..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf gettext-0.18.1.1/

5.24. Grep-2.9
The Grep package contains programs for searching through files
5.24.1. Installation of Grep

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf grep-2.9.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd grep-2.9
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$ ./configure --prefix=/tools \
> --disable-perl-regexp

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$ make check
..........
=======================
All 83 tests passed
(27 tests were not run)
=======================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/grep-2.9$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf grep-2.9/

5.25. Gzip-1.4
The Gzip package contains programs for compressing and decompressing files
5.25.1. Installation of Gzip

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf gzip-1.4.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd gzip-1.4
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$ make check

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/gzip-1.4$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf gzip-1.4/

5.26. M4-1.4.16
The M4 package contains a macro processor
5.26.1. Installation of M4

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf m4-1.4.16.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd m4-1.4.16
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$ make check
............
=======================
All 109 tests passed
(21 tests were not run)
=======================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/m4-1.4.16$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf m4-1.4.16/

5.27. Make-3.82
The Make package contains a program for compiling packages
5.27.1. Installation of Make

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf make-3.82.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd make-3.82/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$ make check
........
==================================================================
 Regression PASSED: GNU Make 3.82 (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu) built with gcc
==================================================================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/make-3.82$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf make-3.82/

5.28. Patch-2.6.1
The Patch package contains a program for modifying or creating files by applying a “patch” file typically created by the diff program
5.28.1. Installation of Patch

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf patch-2.6.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd patch-2.6.1/
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$ make check
..........
5 tests (5 passed, 0 failed)
All tests succeeded!

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/patch-2.6.1$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf patch-2.6.1/

5.29. Perl-5.14.2
The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report Language
5.29.1. Installation of Perl

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf perl-5.14.2.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd perl-5.14.2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$

執行補丁

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ patch -Np1 -i ../perl-5.14.2-libc-1.patch
patching file hints/linux.sh

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ make

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ cp -v perl cpan/podlators/pod2man /tools/bin
`perl' -> `/tools/bin/perl'
`cpan/podlators/pod2man' -> `/tools/bin/pod2man'

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/5.14.2
mkdir: created directory `/tools/lib/perl5'
mkdir: created directory `/tools/lib/perl5/5.14.2'

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/5.14.2

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/perl-5.14.2$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf perl-5.14.2/

5.30. Sed-4.2.1
The Sed package contains a stream editor
5.30.1. Installation of Sed

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf sed-4.2.1.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd sed-4.2.1
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$ make check
...........
======================================================
All 65 tests behaved as expected (4 expected failures)
======================================================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/sed-4.2.1$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf sed-4.2.1/

5.31. Tar-1.26
The Tar package contains an archiving program
5.31.1. Installation of Tar

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf tar-1.26.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd tar-1.26
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$ make check
............
113 tests were successful.
8 tests were skipped.

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/tar-1.26$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf tar-1.26/

5.32. Texinfo-4.13a
The Texinfo package contains programs for reading, writing, and converting info pages
5.32.1. Installation of Texinfo

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf texinfo-4.13a.tar.gz
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd texinfo-4.13
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$ make check

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/texinfo-4.13$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf texinfo-4.13/

5.33. Xz-5.0.3
The Xz package contains programs for compressing and decompressing files. It provides capabilities for the lzma and the newer xz compression formats. Compressing text files with xz yields a better compression percentage than with the traditional gzip or bzip2 commands
5.33.1. Installation of Xz-Utils

解壓縮

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ tar xvf xz-5.0.3.tar.bz2
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ cd xz-5.0.3
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$

準備編譯產生出makefile

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$ ./configure --prefix=/tools

開始組譯

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$ make

測試command,可不用強制執行

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$ make check
........
==================
All 7 tests passed
==================

安裝

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$ make install

安裝套件完成後移除

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources/xz-5.0.3$ cd ..
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf xz-5.0.3/

5.34. Stripping
The steps in this section are optional, but if the LFS partition is rather small, it is beneficial to learn that unnecessary items can be removed. The executables and libraries built so far contain about 70 MB of unneeded debugging symbols.Remove those symbols with

硬碟空間太小才需要做此ITEM,縮減size

lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ strip --strip-debug /tools/lib64/*
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ strip --strip-unneeded /tools/{,s}bin/*
lfs: /mnt/lfs/sources$ rm -rf /tools/{,share}/{info,man,doc}

5.35. Changing Ownership

lfs: /# sudo chown -R root:root $LFS/tools